Adhering to a Mediterranean diet could allow sufferers of Alzheimer’s disease to live longer than patients who eat a more traditional Western diet, according to new research published today.

The findings are the latest in a string of health benefits linked to the eating plan of the people of southern Europe, which has in the past also been associated with the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease.

Published in today’s issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology, the new findings were based on researchers’ observations of 192 Alzheimer sufferers for four and a half years.

During that time, 85 of the people died. Researchers found that those patients who most closely followed a Mediterranean diet were 76 percent less likely to die during the study period than those who followed the diet the least.

“The more closely people followed the Mediterranean diet, the more they reduced their mortality,” said study author Nikos Scarmeas of Columbia University Medical Center in New York, and member of the American Academy of Neurology.

“For example, Alzheimer’s patients who adhered to the diet to a moderate degree lived an average 1.3 years longer than those people who least adhered to the diet. And those Alzheimer’s patients who followed the diet very religiously lived an average four years longer.”

Previous research by Scarmeas published last year found that greater adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet could cut the risk of healthy people developing Alzheimer’s disease by 68 percent.

The Med diet is rich in cereals, wine, fruits, nuts, legumes and whole grains, fish and olive oil. Its main nutritional components include beta-carotene, vitamin C, tocopherols, polyphenols, and essential minerals. It is these antioxidants and polyphenols that appear to offer protection, suggested the researchers.

Another study by the same researchers, published earlier last year in the Annals of Neurology (Vol. 59, pp. 912 - 921), reported that elderly individuals whose diet closely resembled the Med diet had a 40 per cent lower risk of Alzheimer’s than those who adhered the least to the diet.

“New benefits of this diet keep coming out,” wrote Scarmeas today.

“We need to do more research to determine whether eating a Mediterranean diet also helps Alzheimer’s patients have slower rates of cognitive decline, maintain their daily living skills, and have a better quality of life.”

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia and currently affects over 13 million people worldwide. The direct and indirect cost of Alzheimer care is over $100 bn (€ 81 bn) in the US alone. The direct cost of Alzheimer care in the UK was estimated at £15 bn (€ 22 bn, $30bn).

The Mediterranean diet has also been linked to longer life, less heart disease, and protection against some cancers - and the flow of scientific back-up for its healthfulness has started to trickle into consumer consciousness, with more and more people seeking out products that meet the diet’s criteria.

Common foods of the eating plan include bread, pasta, rice, couscous and potatoes; olives, avocados and grapes; eggplant, tomatoes, peppers, nuts and beans; and cheese and yogurt. Moderate consumption of fish and poultry is also encouraged, whereas consumption of red meat is advised only a few times a month.

In the US, a nutrition group recently launched a Med Mark symbol to allow manufacturers to flag up Mediterranean diet foods. Introduced three months ago by Oldways, the packaging symbol already appears on 50 products.

Source: FoodNavigator.com, September 11, 2007 and the American Peanut Council Newsletter.

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In terms of protein, total fat, and calories, 1 oz of nuts is roughly equivalent to 2 oz of lean meat plus 2 tsp of vegetable oil. Nonetheless, the health benefits of nuts are considerable, as Johns Hopkins nutritionist Lora Brown Wilder explains.

Ask any nutritionist today about nuts, and he or she will tell you they are good for you — in moderation, of course. That’s a whole new way of thinking about nuts, which for years were perceived as “bad” foods because of their high fat and calorie content. But a slew of recent studies have brought a better understanding of nuts’ health benefits. The turnaround has been so dramatic that packages of some nuts have labels approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration touting the possible heart benefits of nuts, and the most recent dietary guidelines mention nuts as good sources of protein and mono- and polyunsaturated fats.

Why Nuts Are Good for You

Nuts pack a powerful nutritional punch. Nuts contain monounsaturated fats, which help lower low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or “bad”) cholesterol and may raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or “good”) cholesterol when substituted for saturated fats in the diet. So it’s not surprising that several major studies have found that eating nuts significantly reduces the risk of coronary heart disease — by 25–50% in both men and women. One of these studies, the Nurses’ Health Study, also found that regularly eating nuts and peanut butter reduces the chance of developing type 2 diabetes by 21–27%.

Besides monounsaturated fats, nuts are rich in vitamins, minerals, and other substances that are beneficial to your health. For example, walnuts contain a type of omega-3 fat similar to fish oil, and almonds contain calcium and vitamin E. Nuts are also good sources of protein and fiber.

Nuts and Weight Control

It sounds paradoxical, because they’re calorie dense (160–200 calories per oz), but research shows that people who eat nuts tend to weigh less than those who don’t eat nuts. Possible explanations: Nut eaters may follow a healthier diet (lower in calories and saturated fat) than people who abstain from nuts, and those who are overweight may shun nuts because of their high-calorie content.

But other factors also may come into play. Nuts are quite filling because of their high protein and fiber content. In one study, subjects who snacked on nuts and peanut butter weren’t hungry for 2.5 hours afterward and, interestingly, spontaneously adjusted their calorie intake for the rest of the day so they didn’t consume extra calories.

Protein also requires more energy to digest than fats or carbohydrates, so you use up more calories in the process. Also, because people tend not to chew nuts fully before swallowing them, they aren’t well digested and some of the calories they contain may be lost in the stool.

Source: Johns Hopkins Health Alert, July 18, 2007 and the American Peanut Council Newsletter.

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The allergic reaction to cashew nuts is more severe than peanuts, says a new study that deepens our understanding of food allergies and highlights the need for clear labeling.

“Cashew nuts present a considerable hazard, being hidden in a wide variety of commonly ingested foods, such as Asian meals, sweets, ice cream, cakes, chocolates and they are increasingly used in commercially prepared pesto sauce instead of pine nuts,” wrote lead author Andrew Clark in the journal Allergy.

“Specific information on how to achieve nut avoidance should always be provided,” he added.

An estimated 4 per cent of adults and 8 per cent of children in the 380 million EU population suffer from food allergies, according to the European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients’ Associations.

There is no current cure for a food allergy, and vigilance by an allergic individual is the only way to prevent a reaction.

But a peanut allergy can be so severe that only very tiny amounts can be enough to trigger a response. While cashews are used less extensively as ingredient than peanuts, the new study suggests that the allergic reaction to the former may be more severe than even that of peanuts.

The researchers, from Addenbrookes Hospital (Cambridge University Hospitals) and Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kings Lynn, matched children whose worst ever reaction was to cashew nut (cashew group, 47 children) with children whose worst ever reaction was to peanut (peanut group, 94 children). The comparison matched the children according to sex, age of reaction and presentation, amount ingested, and asthma.

“This is the first study to employ case-matching to compare severity of peanut and cashew nut allergy and demonstrates increased severity of reactions to cashew nut,” said Clark.

The researchers note that wheezing and cardiovascular symptoms were reported more often during reactions in the cashew than compared to the peanut group, while those allergic to cashews also received intramuscular adrenaline more frequently.

“A recent study showed that 10/37 (27 per cent) of nut-allergic children were unable to correctly identify the type of nut to which they were allergic,” wrote the researchers.

“Previous studies show cashew nut can cause severe reactions. The nut type which caused the worst reaction to date should be considered when providing emergency medication,” they concluded.

Source: FoodNavigator.com, July 20, 2007 and the American Peanut Council Newsletter.

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A peanut butter sandwich could help a creative kid chef pay for college. The makers of Jif® peanut butter, the number one choice of choosy moms, announced today a call-for-entries for the Sixth Annual Jif Most Creative Peanut Butter Sandwich Contest(TM). The grand prize is a $25,000 scholarship fund with each of the four runners-up receiving a $2,500 scholarship fund. Parents can help their kids (ages 6-12) enter this nationwide contest between August 1, 2007 and November 15, 2007.

“We are once again excited to encourage parents to get creative with their children in the kitchen for an opportunity to win a college scholarship fund,” says Maribeth Badertscher, Director, Corporate Communications, The J.M. Smucker Company.

The Jif Most Creative Peanut Butter Sandwich Contest(TM) is intended to foster creativity and encourage parents and children to spend time together in the kitchen. Over the past five years, thousands of kid chefs from across the country have reinvented the classic peanut butter sandwich. From sushi rolls and lettuce wraps to empanadas and paninis, kids have been inspired from all different culinary styles and cultural backgrounds to create a “sandwich” with their favorite foods.

The winner of last year’s most creative peanut butter sandwich was inspired by a love of sushi. Twelve-year-old Alexandra Yoder of Fort Wayne, Indiana created “Peanut Butter Rolls - Sushi Style,” consisting of Jif Creamy peanut butter, strawberry cream cheese and fruit rolled in a crepe, cut and served “sushi style.” Alexandra added more creativity to her sandwich by finishing off the “sushi” with pretzel rods for chopsticks and chocolate yogurt for soy sauce.

The Jif Most Creative Peanut Butter Sandwich Contest(TM) is open to children ages 6 to 12, and sandwiches will be judged on the following criteria: creativity, nutritional balance, taste, appearance and ease of preparation. For Official Rules and entry form visit www.jif.com. Entries must be postmarked by November 15, 2007 and received by November 22, 2007: Jif Most Creative Peanut Butter Sandwich Contest(TM), Cohn & Wolfe, 292 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10017. Ten finalists will be selected by a panel of judges in December and posted on www.jif.com in January as part of a nationwide online vote. Five finalists will ultimately be selected to compete in a live judging event in New York City in March 2008.

For more information about other Jif tips, recipes, contests and promotions log on to www.jif.com. Also on the Web site, families can see never-before-seen footage of the 5th Annual Jif Most Creative Peanut Butter Sandwich Contest(TM).

About The J.M. Smucker Company

The J. M. Smucker Company is the leading marketer and manufacturer of fruit spreads, peanut butter, shortening and oils, ice cream toppings, sweetened condensed milk and health and natural foods beverages in North America. Its family of brands includes Smucker’s®, Jif®, Crisco®, Pillsbury®, Eagle Brand®, R.W. Knudsen Family®, Hungry Jack®, White Lily® and Martha White® in the United States, along with Robin Hood®, Five Roses® and Bick’s® in Canada. The Company remains rooted in the Basic Beliefs of Quality, People, Ethics, Growth and Independence established by its founder and namesake more than a century ago. Since 1998, the Company has appeared on FORTUNE Magazine’s annual listing of the 100 Best Companies to Work For in the United States, ranking number one in 2004. For more information about the company, visit www.smuckers.com.

Pillsbury is a trademark of The Pillsbury Company, used under license.

Source: PR Newswire, August 1, 2007 and the American Peanut Council Newsletter.

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The triple-decker marshmallow berry soy sandwich is a variation on the classic peanut butter and jelly. Larry Crowe | Associated PressFor many families, the morning is the ultimate in deadline cooking.

Soon, parents will be getting the children out of bed, into their clothes and onto the school bus. Just figuring out what to stuff into their lunch boxes that won’t get traded or tossed is enough to keep most parents busy.

And perhaps that at least partly explains the persistent popularity of peanut butter and jelly sandwiches. Which is great, assuming your children don’t attend a school that is peanut-free.

Motivated by food-allergy concerns, many schools now either say no to nuts or have special peanut-free lunch tables.

So what’s a parent to do if junior simply has to dine on PB&J? First, chat with your doctor, then head to a natural-foods store, where there are options aplenty.

Natural-foods stores excel at offering sandwich fixings that are free of peanuts and other possible allergens. Once your doctor has told you which ingredients are safe, assembling kid-pleasing sandwiches is easy.

For example, if your child lives for Fluffernutter sandwiches but can’t eat eggs (Fluff includes egg whites), try Suzanne’s Ricemellow Creme, a gluten-free, vegan marshmallow spread made from brown rice syrup.

And if peanuts are off the table, try a jar of soy nut butter, many brands of which brag of being produced in nut-free factories. Opt for a sweetened variety, which mellows the flavor of the soy nuts.

If some nuts are acceptable but you’re looking for a peanut-free alternative, consider chocolate hazelnut spread. It’s especially delicious with marshmallow spread.

Also, consider thinking beyond nuts and their soy alternatives. Check out pear and apple butters, which are similar to jam and often contain little or no sugar.

Canned sweet potato and pumpkin pie purŽes also make great sandwich spreads. Some varieties are sweetened and spiced, making them an easy way to slip some produce into the sandwich. If you can’t find sweetened varieties, mix in a bit of honey and cinnamon. Refrigerate the leftovers for use in other sandwiches later.

Here are ideas for peanut butter and jelly alternatives that come together in a flash. (see full article for recipes).

Source: Associated Press, Lexington Herald-Leader, 8/5/07 and the American Peanut Council Newsletter.

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